Explain:-
Alluvial soil
Black soil
Red soil
Laterite soil
Dessert soil
Mountain soil
Answers
Answer:
Alluvial Soil : Alluvial soils are soils deposited by surface water. You'll find them along rivers, in floodplains and deltas (like the Mississippi Delta), stream terraces, and areas called alluvial soil.
Black Soil : Black soils are mineral soils which have a black surface horizon, enriched with organic carbon that is at least 25 cm deep.
Red Soil : Red soil is a type of soil that develops in a warm, temperate, moist climate under deciduous or mixed forest, having thin organic and organic-mineral layers black brown leached layer resting on an illuvium red layer.
In India changes from region to region. There 8 6 types of soils found in India-
Alluvial soil:-
Alluvial soil is formed by action of rivers. The fast flowing mountain river breaks the rocks into fine particles called silt or alluvium. When the rivers reach the plains they deposit silt on their banks. Alluvial soil is the most fertile soil. Rice,wheat, maize,cotton, tabaco,pulses and oilseeds and sugarcane grow best in alluvial soil. It is it found in Northern plains and the coastal plains.
Black soil:-
Black soil as a name suggest it is black in colour and is made up of Lava rocks. It is also known as regur soil and Black Lava soil and black cotton soil. It is rich in clay and humus and is wet and sticky. It has a good capacity to hold water and therefore it is suitable for growing cotton and sugarcane and millets. Black soil soil is found in Deccan plateau and across the states of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh and parts of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh and Tamilnadu.
Red soil:-
Red soil aisi name suggest it is red in colour and the red colour is due to high iron content in it. Red soil is not very fertile but if fertilizers and manure are added to it it becomes suitable for growing crops. The crops that grow well in the red soil are rice, millets, groundnut, tabaco and vegetables. It is majorly found in Tamilnadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh.
Laterite soil:-
Laterite soil is reddish in colour due to the presence of iron and Aluminium. It is a mixture of red soil and clay. laterite soil is not very fertile but it is found in areas with high rainfall and temperature. Due too heavy and continuous rainfall minerals are removed from the soil as water passes through it. However,crops such as tea and coffee and spices and fruits and coconut grow well in this soil. Laterite soil is found in Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha and Assam.
Desert soil:-
It is reddish brown in colour and the soil in these places is loose and sandy. It is porus and cannot retain moisture. This makes the soil in fertile. In areas where water is available for irrigation, wheat, maize, cotton, pulses and millets can be grown in this soil. It is found in areas of gujrat, Haryana and Rajasthan.
Mountain soil:-
Mountain soil bis brown in colour. It is rich in humus. It is very fertile and growing tea, coffee, spices and tropical fruits. It is found in area of ladakh, himachal pradesh, uttrakhand, Assam, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and West Bengal.