Explain an actvity to show that liquid pressure depends on the length of the column of liquid.
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Answer:
Activity: The pressure of liquid increases with depth
A tall vessel has short and thin tubes fitted at different depth from the top of vessel.The three tubes are of equal diameters and corks are fitted into them.The vessel is filled with water and then all the corks are removed quickly. On removing the corks the water from uppermost tube is found to travel the shortest distance from the base of the vessel ,the water from middle tube goes a little farther away whereas water from the lowermost shoots out farthest all. The depth of water near uppermost tube is small so the water comes out from uppermost tube with smaller pressure and falls near the bottom of the vessel.The depth of water near middle tube is greater so the water comes out with greater pressure from middle tube and falls farther away from the base of vessel. The depth of water near lowermost tube is the greatest so the water comes out of lowermost tube with the greatest pressure and goes farthest from the vessel. As the depth of water increases the pressure of water gradually increases.
The greater the depth of a point in a liquid, the greater is the pressure.
Liquids also exert pressure on the walls of the vessel in which they are stored. The sideways pressure exerted by liquids also increases with the depth of the liquid.The sideways pressure of a liquid on walls of a vessel is almost zero at its surface.As the depth of liquid increases the sideways pressure on the walls of the vessel gradually increases and it becomes maximum near the bottom of the vessel.
The wall of a dam is made thicker at the bottom so as to tolerate very high sideways pressure exerted by deep water stored in the reservoir of dam.
Activity : Liquid exert pressure on the bottom of its container which depends on the height of its column
Take a transparent plastic pipe.Also take a thin sheet of a rubber. Stretch the thin rubber sheet and tie it tightly over one end of the plastic pipe.The plastic pipe is the container which has stretchable bottom made of a thin rubber sheet. keeping the pipe vertical ,let us pour some water in the pipe from the top .We will find that on pouring water in the pipe ,the rubber sheets tied to its bottom stretches and bulges out.The bulging out of rubber sheet demonstrates that the water poured in pipe exerts a pressure on the bottom of its container. This is because the bottom of container is made of a flexible, thin rubber sheet which can get stretched by the pressure exerted by water to form a buldge. Now pour some water in the plastic pipe so that height of water column in the pipe increases. As the height of water column increases the bulge in the rubber sheet also increases showing that the pressure of water on the bottom of its container has increased. Greater the height of water column in the pipe greater will be the bulge in its rubber sheet bottom.
Answer:
A height of a liquid column will get increased or decreased according to the force of the atmospheric pressure. ... Pressure (P) is inversely proportional to Area (A). So if the area of the column is lesser then Force (F) of the atmospheric pressure is greater.
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