Question

explain and write the different types of colligative properties​

Answer 1

Explanation:

colligative property is a property of a solution that is dependent on the ratio between the total number of solute particles (in the solution) to the total number of solvent particles. Colligative properties are not dependent on the chemical nature of the solution’s components. Thus, colligative properties can be linked to several quantities that express the concentration of a solution, such as molarity, normality, and molality. The four colligative properties that can be exhibited by a solution are:

Boiling point elevation

Freezing point depression

Relative lowering of vapour pressure

Osmotic pressure

The word “colligative” has been adapted or taken from the Latin word “colligatus” which translates to “bound together”. In the context of defining a solution, colligative properties help us understand how the properties of the solution are linked to the concentration of solute in the solution.

What are Colligative Properties?

Dilute solution containing non-volatile solute exhibit some properties which depend only on the number of solute particles present and not on the type of solute present. These properties are called colligative properties. These properties are mostly seen in dilute solutions.

We can further consider colligative properties as those properties that are obtained by the dissolution of a non-volatile solute in a volatile solvent. Generally, the solvent properties are changed by the solute where its particles remove some of the solvent molecules in the liquid phase. This also results in the reduction of the concentration of the solvent.

Meanwhile, when we talk about the given solute-solvent mass ratio, colligative properties are said to be inversely proportional to the solute molar mass.

Colligative Properties Examples

We can observe the colligative properties of solutions by going through the following examples. If we add a pinch of salt to a glass full of water its freezing temperature is lowered considerably than the normal temperature. Alternatively, its boiling temperature is also increased and the solution will have a lower vapour pressure. There are changes in its osmotic pressure as well.