Explain any 3 protection measures for buildings in flood prone area
Answers
1) Move or build on higher ground.
2) Elevate above flood levels.
3) Build earthen barriers and levels around structures.
4) Flood proof.
I hope it's help you
There are four basic strategies:
1) Move or build on higher ground.
2) Elevate above flood levels.
3) Build earthen barriers and levels around structures.
Of these strategies, dry flood proofing is the most cost effective method for urban structures, according to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Dry flood proofing combines measures such as barriers, seals and pumps that result in a building being water tight below flood levels. The National Flood Insurance Program, which offers flood insurance to business owners based on FEMA requirements, recognizes dry flood proofing as one way to reduce the threat of flooding and costs of insuring against damage.
While dry flood proofing may sound like a good idea for buildings in flood prone areas, building owners and facility managers should consider several factors before beginning any flood mitigation project:
1) Economics
A benefit cost analysis is the best way to estimate the future benefits of a flood mitigation project and compare the benefits to the cost. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) is derived by dividing the projects net benefits (defined as avoided damage) by the project cost (installation, operation maintenance and insurance difference). A BCR of less than 1.0 is not cost effective and would not be approved for federal grant funds under FEMA guidelines.
2) Functional use requirements
The current and future use of buildings must be evaluated. What are the building access requirements? How long can business operations be interrupted and to what degree? Can flood damage be repaired and how long will it take? Flood proofing can reduce these vulnerabilities, however relocation might be the only alternative.
3) Occupant safety
The relationship of flood proofing options to occupant safety must be evaluated in the pre-design phase. Floods may exceed the design capacity of flood proofing measures and pose extreme danger to building occupants. Evacuation provisions must be made for occupants. Safe access to and egress from flood proofed buildings is a critical factor in deciding which flood proofing measures are appropriate. Access roads should remain passable long enough for flood proofing measures to be installed and for all personnel to safely evacuate the site.
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