Question

explain any 3 ways in which nationalist feeling kept alive in Poland in the 18th and 19th centuries?

Answer 1

Nationalist feelings were kept alive in Poland through music and language:

1. Karol Kempinski was a man who celebrated the national struggle through opera and music.

2. He used folk dances like polonaise and mazurka to build the nationalist sentiment.

3. Even though Russian was imposed everywhere after its occupation, the members of the clergy used Polish for religious instructions as part of the resistance.

Answer 2

The three ways in which nationalist feelings were kept alive in 18th and 19th centuries in Poland:

(i) Emphasis on vernacular language. Language played an important role in developing nationalist sentiments. The use of the Polish language came to be seen as a symbol of struggle against Russian dominance. For example, In Poland, following armed rebellion against Russian rule, Polish was used for church gatherings and religious instruction. As a result, a number of priests and bishops were put in jails or sent to Siberia as punishment for their refusal to preach in Russian.

(ii) Emphasis on collection of local folklore. It was not just to recover an ancient national spirit, but also to carry the modern nationalist message to the large audience who were mostly illiterate.

(iii) Use of music to keep the nationalist feeling alive. For example, Karol Kurpinski, celebrated the national struggle through his operas and music, turning folk dances like the polonaise and mazurka into nationalist symbols