Explain any 5 difficult circumstances under which the constitution has been drawn up grade 9 civics
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Like South Africa, India's constitution was also drawn up under very difficult circumstances. the making of the constitution for a huge and diverse country like India was not an easy affair. At that time the people of India were emerging from the status of subjects to that of citizens. The country born through a partition on the basis of religious differences. This was a traumatic experience for the people of India and Pakistan. At least ten lakh people were killed on both sides of the border in partition related to violence. There was another problem. The British had left it to the rulers of the princely states to decide whether they wanted to merge with India or with Pakistan or remain independent. The merger of these princely states was a difficult and uncertain task.
The path to constitution:
Despite all these difficulties, there was one big advantage for the makers of the Indian Constitution.
Unlike South Africa, they did not have to create a consensus about what a democratic India should look like. Much of this consensus had evolved during the freedom struggle. Our national movement was not merely a struggle against a foreign rule. It was also a struggle to rejuvenate our country and to transform our society and politics. There were sharp differences of opinion within the freedom struggle about the path India should take after Independence. Such differences exist even today. Yet some basic ideas had come to be accepted by almost everyone.
In 1928, Motilal Nehru and eight other Congress leaders drafted a constitution for India with the following features - universal adult franchise, right to freedom and equality and to protecting the rights of minorities
In 1931, the resolution at the Karachi session of the Indian National Congress dwelt on how independent India’s constitution should look like with the following features - universal adult franchise, right to freedom and equality and to protecting the rights of minorities.
The experience gained by Indians in the working of the legislative institutions of the colonial period proved to be very useful for the country in setting up its own institutions.
Indian constitution adopted many institutional details and procedures from colonial laws like the Government of India Act 1935.
Our leaders gained confidence to learn from other countries, but on our own terms. Many of our leaders were inspired by the ideals of French Revolution, the practice of parliamentary democracy in Britain, the Bill of Rights in the US and the socialist revolution in Russia.
The constituent assembly:
Who were the makers of Indian constitution?
The drafting of the document called the constitution was done by an assembly of elected representatives called the Constituent Assembly.
Election to the Constituent Assembly was held in July 1946. The Constituent Assembly that wrote the Indian constitution had 299 members. Its first meeting was held in December 1946. The Constituent Assembly worked in a systematic, open and consensual manner.
First some basic principles were decided and agreed upon. Then a Drafting Committee chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar prepared a draft constitution for discussion.
Several rounds of thorough discussion took place on the Draft Constitution, clause by clause. More than two thousand amendments were considered. The members deliberated for 114 days spread over three years.
The Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26 November 1949 but it came into effect on January 26, 1950. To mark this day we celebrate January 26 as Republic Day every year.
The path to constitution:
Despite all these difficulties, there was one big advantage for the makers of the Indian Constitution.
Unlike South Africa, they did not have to create a consensus about what a democratic India should look like. Much of this consensus had evolved during the freedom struggle. Our national movement was not merely a struggle against a foreign rule. It was also a struggle to rejuvenate our country and to transform our society and politics. There were sharp differences of opinion within the freedom struggle about the path India should take after Independence. Such differences exist even today. Yet some basic ideas had come to be accepted by almost everyone.
In 1928, Motilal Nehru and eight other Congress leaders drafted a constitution for India with the following features - universal adult franchise, right to freedom and equality and to protecting the rights of minorities
In 1931, the resolution at the Karachi session of the Indian National Congress dwelt on how independent India’s constitution should look like with the following features - universal adult franchise, right to freedom and equality and to protecting the rights of minorities.
The experience gained by Indians in the working of the legislative institutions of the colonial period proved to be very useful for the country in setting up its own institutions.
Indian constitution adopted many institutional details and procedures from colonial laws like the Government of India Act 1935.
Our leaders gained confidence to learn from other countries, but on our own terms. Many of our leaders were inspired by the ideals of French Revolution, the practice of parliamentary democracy in Britain, the Bill of Rights in the US and the socialist revolution in Russia.
The constituent assembly:
Who were the makers of Indian constitution?
The drafting of the document called the constitution was done by an assembly of elected representatives called the Constituent Assembly.
Election to the Constituent Assembly was held in July 1946. The Constituent Assembly that wrote the Indian constitution had 299 members. Its first meeting was held in December 1946. The Constituent Assembly worked in a systematic, open and consensual manner.
First some basic principles were decided and agreed upon. Then a Drafting Committee chaired by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar prepared a draft constitution for discussion.
Several rounds of thorough discussion took place on the Draft Constitution, clause by clause. More than two thousand amendments were considered. The members deliberated for 114 days spread over three years.
The Assembly adopted the Constitution on 26 November 1949 but it came into effect on January 26, 1950. To mark this day we celebrate January 26 as Republic Day every year.
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