explain any five factors responsible for the formation of soil
Answers
Answer:
FACTORS OF SOIL FORMATION : Relief, parent rock, climate , vegetation and time are important factors in soil formation. Various forces of nature, such as change in temperature, amount of rainfall, Humidity, action of running water, wind, and activities of decomposers contribute to the Formation of Soil.
Answer:
1. Parent Material: It is deposited by streams or derived from in-situ weathering. In this stage, soil inherits many properties like the mineral composition, the colour, the particle size and the chemical elements. For example- Black soil derived its colour from lava rock
2. Climate: It is one of the important factors in the formation of soil because it affects the rate of weathering of the parent rock.
3. Role of precipitation: The variability in the precipitation modified the composition of the soil. For Example- Areas with little rainfall with high rate of evaporation led to the accumulation of salts in the soil. The soils underlying tropical rain forests tend to be nutrient-poor because of intensive leaching due to heavy rains.
4. Topography (Relief, Altitude and Slope): It is considered as passive factor to modifying the effects of climate because it affects soil processes, soil distribution and the type of vegetation.
5. Time: The formation of the soil is not one day process but requires many years to form. Younger soils have some characteristics from their parent material, but as they age, the addition of organic matter, exposure to moisture and other environmental factors may change its features.