Explain any five key features of Federalism.<br /><br />
CBSE Class X Social Science LA (5 Marks)
Answers
Main Features of Federalism :
(i) There are two or more levels of government. India has
three levels.
(ii) Each level of government has its own jurisdiction in
matters of legislation, taxation and administration even though they govern the
same citizens.
(iii) Powers and functions of each tier of government is
specified and guaranteed by Constitution.
(iv) The Supreme Court has been given power to settle
disputes between federal governments.
(v) Fundamental provisions of Constitution cannot be altered
by any one level of government. It applies to India also.
(vi) Sources of
revenue between different levels is specified by Constitution.
(vii) There is mutual trust and agreement between the
government at different levels.
Division of Powers:
Division of powers between the central government on the one hand and the state/unit governments on the other is an absolutely essential condition of a federation.
2. Written Constitution:
Since in a federal constitution there is to be affected a division of powers, it becomes essential to effect it in writing in order to make it definite and binding upon both the centre and the states.
3. Rigid Constitution:
A federal constitution has also to be a rigid constitution because it is to be kept immune from unilateral amendment efforts on part of The Centre Government or states.
4. Supremacy of the Constitution:
In a federation the constitution is the supreme law of land. Both the central government and the state governments derive their powers from the constitution.
5. Special Role of the Judiciary:
For protecting the supremacy of the constitution. Such a judiciary also essential for performing the role of an arbiter of disputes between the centre and states or among the state governments in respect of their areas of action and power.
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