explain any four human activities which are mainly responsible for land degradation in india
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Answer:
Four human activities responsible for land degradation in India are as follows :
(i) In states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Orissa deforestation due to mining have caused severe land degradation. Mining sites are dug, drilled or quarried and abondoned after excavation work is over, leaving the landover burdened and in a highly degraded state.
(ii) Mineral processing like grinding of limestone for cement industry and calcite and soapstone for ceramic industry generate huge quality of mineral dust in the atmosphere which ultimately settles down on the land. It retards the process of infiltration of water into the soil, thus, degrading the land. Discharge of industrial effluents and wastes cause pollution and land degradation in industrial regions.
(iii) In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra overgrazing is one of the main reasons for land degradation.
(iv) In Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh over-irrigation is responsible for land degradation. It leads to water logging which in turn increases salinity and alkalinity in the soil and reduces its fertility.
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