Explain any four National Political Parties
Answers
Answer:
India has a multi-party system with recognition accorded to national and state and district level parties. The status is reviewed periodically by the Election Commission of India (ECI). Other political parties that wish to contest local, state or national elections are required to be registered by the Election Commission of India. Registered parties are upgraded as recognised national or state level parties based upon objective criteria. A recognised party enjoys privileges like a reserved party symbol,[A] free broadcast time on state run television and radio, a consultation in setting of election dates and giving input in setting electoral rules and regulations.[1]
This listing is according to the 2019 Indian general election and Legislative Assembly elections and any party aspiring to state or national party status must fulfil at least one of the concerned criteria. In addition, national and state parties have to fulfill these conditions for all subsequent Lok Sabha or State elections, or else they lose their status.[1] As per latest publication from Election Commission of India, the total number of parties registered was 2598, with 8 national parties, 52 state parties and 2538 unrecognised parties.[2][3][4][5][6]
All registered parties contesting elections need to choose a symbol from a list of available symbols offered by the EC. All 28 states of the country along with the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, National Capital Territory of Delhi and Puducherry have elected governments unless President's rule is imposed under certain conditions.
Contents
1 National Parties
2 State Parties
3 Unrecognised Parties
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 Further reading
National Parties
A registered party is recognised as a national party only if it fulfils any one of the three conditions listed below:[7]
A party should win 2% of seats in the Lok sabha from at least three different states.[8]
At a general election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party polls 6% of votes in any four or more states and in addition it wins four Lok Sabha seats.
A party gets recognition as a state party in four states.
8 recognised national parties[2][4]
Name Abbreviation Foundation
year Founder(s) Party Supremo [D] Party symbol Headquarters
All India Trinamool Congress[E] AITC 1998
Mamata Banerjee
Mamata Banerjee
All India Trinamool Congress symbol.svg
Kolkata office: 36G, Topsia Road, Kolkata-700039
Central office: 30B, Harish Chatterjee Street, Kolkata-700026
New Delhi office: 61, South Avenue, New Delhi-100011
Bahujan Samaj Party BSP 1984
Kanshi Ram
Mayawati
Elephant
12, Gurdwara Rakabganj Road, New Delhi-110001 (Delhi)
Bharatiya Janata Party BJP 1980
Syama Prasad Mukherjee (Bharatiya Jana Sangh)
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
L. K. Advani
Jagat Prakash Nadda
BJP election symbol.svg -783x768.png 6-A, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg, Mandi House, New Delhi-110002 (Delhi)
Communist Party of India CPI 1925
D. Raja
Indian Election Symbol Ears of Corn and Sickle.png Ajoy Bhavan, 15, Indrajit Gupta Marg, New Delhi-110002, (Delhi)
Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI(M) 1964
P. Sundarayya
E. M. S. Namboodiripad
Jyoti Basu
Sitaram Yechury
Indian Election Symbol Hammer Sickle and Star.png 27-29, A. K. Gopalan Bhavan, Bhai Vir Singh Marg, New Delhi-110001 (Delhi)
Indian National Congress INC 1885
Allan Octavian Hume
Dadabhai Naoroji
Dinshaw Wacha
Womesh Chandra Banerjee
Sonia Gandhi (Interim President)
Hand INC.svg 24, Akbar Road, New Delhi-110001 (Delhi)
National People's Party[E] NPP 2013
P. A. Sangma
Conrad Sangma
Indian Election Symbol Book.svg M. G. Avenue, Floor, MDU Building, Imphal- 795001 (Manipur)
Nationalist Congress Party NCP 1999
Sharad Pawar
P. A. Sangma
Tariq Anwar
Sharad Pawar
Nationalist Congress Party Election Symbol.png 10, Bishambhar Marg, New Delhi-110001 (Delhi)
A party recognised as a National party can be derecognised if it fails to maintain the criteria. For example, RJD received the status of recognised national level party in 2008,[9] but was derecognised in 2010.[10]
State Parties
A party has to fulfill any of the following conditions for recognition as a state party:
A party should secure at least 6% of valid votes polled in an election to the state legislative assembly and win at least 2 seats in that state assembly.
A party should secure at least 6% of valid votes polled in an election to Lok Sabha and win at least 1 seat in Lok Sabha.
A party should win minimum three percent of the total number of seats or a minimum of three seats in the Legislative Assembly, which ever is higher.
A party should win at least one seat in the Lok Sabha for every 25 seats or any fraction thereof allotted to that State.
Under the liberalised criteria, one more clause that it will be eligible for recognition as state party if it secures 8% or more of the total valid votes polled in the state.[11]
53 recognised state parties