Question

Explain any four provisions that have been made towards decentralisation in india after the constitutional amendment in 1992.

Answer 1

1. Now, it is constitutionally mandatory to hold regular elections to the local government bodies.
2.Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the executive heads of these institutions for the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and the Backward Classes.
3.At least one-third of these positions are reserved for women.
4.An independent institution called the State Election Commission have been created in each state to conduct free and fair elections.
5. The state governments are required to share some powers and revenue with the local government. The nature of sharing varies from state to state.

Answer 2

(i) Decentralisation : When power is taken from  central and state governments and is given to  local government, it is called decentralisation.

The Constitution was amended in 1992 to make  the third tier of democracy more powerful and  effective.

(ii) Provisions of the Constitutional Amendment of  1992 are :

(a) Now it is mandatory to hold regular elections to  local government bodies.

(b) Seats are reserved in the elected bodies and the  executive heads of these institutions for SCs, STs  and OBCs.

(c) At least one-third of all positions are reserved for  women.

(d) An independent institution called State Election  Commission has been created in each state to  conduct panchayat and municipal elections.

(e) The state governments are required to share  some powers and revenue with local government  bodies.