explain any three factors that affect the climate of a place
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The main factors that determine the climate of a place are its latitudes, the Himalayas, altitude, distance from the sea, and prevailing winds.
Three FACTORS AFFECTING THE CLIMATE OF INDIA are :
Latitudes:
- The Tropic of Cancer which runs from west to east, divides India into two zones.
- The mainland of India stretches from about 8° to 37° Latitudes.
- The southern part of India is in the tropical zone, and the northern part is in the subtropical zone.
- The Indian climate depends on the distance from the equator.
- For example, Thiruvananthapuram, closer to the equator, experiences summer all year round.
- In contrast, winter gets longer and more intense in the northern parts of India, which are further away from the equator.
Altitudes:
- The height of land or of any location above sea level is its altitude.
- It plays a very significant role in determining the climatic conditions of a place.
- The higher the place, the lower is the temperature.
- Temperature lowers at the rate of 1°C for every 165 meters.
- Hence, places located on mountains are cooler than the plains, e.g., hill stations like Shimla, Nainital, Ooty, Mahabaleshwar, etc., remain cool throughout the year, even during the hot summer months.
Distance from the Sea:
- Areas close to the sea have a moderate climate throughout the year.
- This is because the water takes a longer time to heat up.
- While, places located far from the sea have an extreme climate. The coastal areas are also humid.
- This is why Mumbai has a moderate climate while Delhi has an extreme type of climate.
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