explain any three factors which are responsible for ecological im balance.
Answers
Answered by
1
Ecological Imbalance:Factor # 1.
Degradation of Land and Soil Erosion:
The Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India has reported about the serious problem of land degradation and soil erosion .
It reveals that about 174 million hectares (i.e., 53 per cent of the total land area) of land in India is facing the serious problem of land degradation out of which a 144 million hectares is subjected to soil erosion through water and wind and the rest 30 million hectares is subjected to other problems.
Moreover, heavy population pressure has led to conversion of forest and permanent pastures into crop lands leading to indiscriminate grazing.
Ecological Imbalance:Factor # 2.
Deforestation:
Large scale deforestation has been continuing since independence due to over- exploitation and mismanagement of forest resources. During the first two decades of planning (i.e., from 1951 to 1972) India lost about 3.4 million hectares of forestland out of which about 70 per cent of that area was lost to river valley projects, roads and communications and industries.
Deforestation is still continuing at a rapid scale and the problem has reached to such a proportion that it has totally disturbed the ecological balance of the country.
The National Committee on Environmental Planning has remarked that total land surface having adequate tree cover is not more than 12 per cent of the total geographical area of the country, although the official statistics show it as 22 per cent of the total geographical area.
The degree of deforestation in Himalayan ranges from Kashmir to North-East India is very high. All these have led to an ecological collapse in the country.
Ecological Imbalance:Factor # 3.
Faulty Utilisation of Water Resources:
Being one of the wettest country of the world India is still suffering from flood and droughts due to faulty utilisation of water resources. Since independence, too much importance was laid on the development of big dams.
But these Gigantic dams have displaced crores of tribal people, drowned million hectares of rich forest areas, failed to prevent and control floods and often created destructive flash flood in the downstream valley.
As per one recent estimate, it is found that area affected by floods in India has increased from 20 million hectares in 1971 to 40 million hectares at present. Moreover, these huge dams and multi-purpose projects have created an environmental impact in the form of degradation of soil in the command areas due to continuous water logging and increasing soil salinity.
The major portion of increasing salinity affected areas lies in the Indo-Gangetic plains of U.P., Punjab and Haryana.
Degradation of Land and Soil Erosion:
The Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India has reported about the serious problem of land degradation and soil erosion .
It reveals that about 174 million hectares (i.e., 53 per cent of the total land area) of land in India is facing the serious problem of land degradation out of which a 144 million hectares is subjected to soil erosion through water and wind and the rest 30 million hectares is subjected to other problems.
Moreover, heavy population pressure has led to conversion of forest and permanent pastures into crop lands leading to indiscriminate grazing.
Ecological Imbalance:Factor # 2.
Deforestation:
Large scale deforestation has been continuing since independence due to over- exploitation and mismanagement of forest resources. During the first two decades of planning (i.e., from 1951 to 1972) India lost about 3.4 million hectares of forestland out of which about 70 per cent of that area was lost to river valley projects, roads and communications and industries.
Deforestation is still continuing at a rapid scale and the problem has reached to such a proportion that it has totally disturbed the ecological balance of the country.
The National Committee on Environmental Planning has remarked that total land surface having adequate tree cover is not more than 12 per cent of the total geographical area of the country, although the official statistics show it as 22 per cent of the total geographical area.
The degree of deforestation in Himalayan ranges from Kashmir to North-East India is very high. All these have led to an ecological collapse in the country.
Ecological Imbalance:Factor # 3.
Faulty Utilisation of Water Resources:
Being one of the wettest country of the world India is still suffering from flood and droughts due to faulty utilisation of water resources. Since independence, too much importance was laid on the development of big dams.
But these Gigantic dams have displaced crores of tribal people, drowned million hectares of rich forest areas, failed to prevent and control floods and often created destructive flash flood in the downstream valley.
As per one recent estimate, it is found that area affected by floods in India has increased from 20 million hectares in 1971 to 40 million hectares at present. Moreover, these huge dams and multi-purpose projects have created an environmental impact in the form of degradation of soil in the command areas due to continuous water logging and increasing soil salinity.
The major portion of increasing salinity affected areas lies in the Indo-Gangetic plains of U.P., Punjab and Haryana.
Similar questions