Explain any three reasons which led to civil war between the Bolsheviks and the Russian army of non-Bolsheviks.
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Answer:
THE CIVIL WAR
The Bolshevik Revolution was followed by a period of Civil War in Russin. With Bolshevik decision of land redistribution, the Soviet army started breaking up. Soldiers, who were mostly farmers wanted to go home. They began to desert the army. non-Bolshevik socialists, liberals and supporters of autocracy as well were not in favour of the has already been stated. Bolshevik uprising. They gathered strength in south Russia and organised troops to fight the Bolsheviks popularly known as the reds. We should know that the Socialist Revolutionaries were known as the greens and the pro-Czarists as the whites. The French, American, British and Japanese troops, who were worried at the growth of socialism in Russia, extended their support to them. Thus, they came to control most of the Russian empire during the period 1918-1919. As a result of the civil war, looting, handity and famine-like-conditions became the order of the day and the masses had to undergo a number of sufferings. Among the 'Whites' many were staunch supporters of private property. They dealt with peasants who had seized land, with hard measures. But such actions resulted in the loss of popularity for the non-Bolsheviks. However, by Jan. 1920, both the civil war and the foreign intervention came to an end. Most of the former russian empire came under control of the Bolsheviks. We should keep it in mind that the Bolsheviks emerged victorious in the civil war because of the co-operation extended by the non-Russian nationalities and Muslim Jadidists. But co-operation could not work in the areas where Russian colonists had themselves turned Bolsheviks. For example, in Khiva in Central Asia, local nationalists were mercilessly done to death by Bolshevik colonists on the pretext of defending socialism. Thus, as a result of the Bolshevik Revolution, autocratic monarch came to an end in Russia and a socialist rule was established under the leadership of Lenin. In 1918, Russia was declared the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Later, it was named Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR) in 1924. The new regime set-up by the Bolsheviks survived, though with many changes and even distortions for about seventy years, i.e., till the 1990s.
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