explain any two different methods of rain water harvesting in different parts of the India
Answers
Most houses in Bikaner have an underground tank (Tanks) which were used to store water. They were circular holes made in the ground, lined with áne polished lime, in which rain water was collected. It took care of their annual needs. One tank, one temple and a grazing land for cattle of a village” was the concept of our ancestors which would support sustainable growth of villages 2. Water tanks served the purposes like flood control, prevention of soil erosion, reducing wastage of run-off and recharging groundwater. The management of tanks was given to individuals or to village communities or to temples. Entire tank system was suitable for direct irrigation for agriculture and easy for decentralized water management. These tanks were constructed using stone, cement or mud or a combination of these. Tanks / Eris are one of the oldest in irrigation engineering designs in our country. The temples in south India have huge tanks as part of the temple premises. Some of them have more than one tank. Besides serving the needs of the temple and use of water by devotees for purifying before darshan these tanks increased ground water levels. Picture number 9 shows a water tank in the Chidambaram Temple, Tamil Nadu. To conserve rainwater, the Chola kings built a network of tanks in Tamil Nadu. Most of these were used for irrigation purposes.
Talab / Bandhis
Talabs a re reservoirs. They may be natural, such as the ponds (pokhariyan) at Tikamgarh in the Bundelkhand region. They can be human-made, such the lakes in Udaipur. A reservoir area of less than áve bighas is called a talai ; a medium sized lake is called a bandhi or talab ; bigger lakes are called sagar or samand . The pokhariyanserve irrigation and drinking purposes. When the water in these reserviors dries up just a few days after the monsoon, the pond beds are cultivated with rice
1.Use native plants in your landscape. They look great, and don't need much water or fertilizer. Also choose grass varieties for your lawn that are adapted for your region's climate, reducing the need for extensive watering or chemical applications.
2.Use fewer chemicals around your home and yard, and make sure to dispose of them properly - don't dump them on the ground!
3.Properly dispose of potentially toxic substances like unused chemicals, pharmaceuticals, paint, motor oil, and other substances. Many communities hold household hazardous waste collections or sites - contact your local health department to find one near you.
4.Shut off the water when you brush your teeth or shaving, and don't let it run while waiting for it to get cold. Keep a pitcher of cold water in the fridge instead.
5.Check all the faucets, fixtures, toilets, and taps in your home for leaks and fix them right away, or install water conserving models.
6.Limit yourself to just a five minute shower, and challenge your family members to do the same! Also, make sure to only run full loads in the dish and clothes washer.
7.Water the lawn and plants during the coolest parts of the day and only when they truly need it. Make sure you, your family, and your neighbors obey any watering restrictions during dry periods.
8.Reduce the amount of "stuff" you use and reuse what you can. Recycle paper, plastic, cardboard, glass, aluminum and other materials.
9.Use all natural/nontoxic household cleaners whenever possible. Materials such as lemon juice, baking soda, and vinegar make great cleaning products, are inexpensive, and environmentally-friendly.
Hope it helps you......................