Question

explain any two methods of asexual reproduction using suitable examples.

Answer 1

Budding in yeast


Fragmentation in spirogyra

Regeneration in Planaria

Answer 2

・❥・Asexual Reproduction :-

Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction in which a new offspring is produced by a single parent. The new individuals produced are genetically and physically identical to each other, i.e., they are the clones of their parent. Asexual reproduction is observed in both multicellular and unicellular organisms.

・❥・Different methods of asexual reproduction  :-

• Binary fission- The process in which parent  cell elongates and gets divided into two  identical daughter cells is called binary fission.  Each daughter cell grows into an independent  adult. It takes place in unicellular organisms.

• Endospore Formation- The method in which  a spore wall is formed around a bacterial cell to  form an endospore is called endospore  formation. Under favorable conditions, this  endospore germinates to form an active  bacteria.

• Vegetative propagation- The type of  asexual reproduction in which vegetative parts  of a plant like stems, leaves, and root, etc. give  rise to new ones is called vegetative  propagation.  

Examples: stem cutting in Champa, eye growth  in potatoes, bud in case of Myriophyllum.

• Budding: It involves the formation of a new  organism from a projection called bud. After  growing to full size, the budgets detached from a  parent and forms a new independent individual.  It is commonly observed in yeast.

• Spore Formation: In this mode of  reproduction, spores germinate and develop  into a new individual, under favorable conditions.  The spores are tiny spherical unicellular  structures protected by a thick wall. It is seen in  ferns and moss.

• Fragmentation: It is a form of asexual  reproduction in which a new organism is formed  from the fragments of the parent organism. It is  the only mode of asexual reproduction in  Spirogyra.