Explain any two theories of organisation.
Answers
Classical Organisation Theory:
The classical writers viewed organisation as a machine and human beings as components of that machine. They were of the view that efficiency of the organisation can be increased by making human beings efficient. Their emphasis was on specialisation and co-ordination of activities. Most of the writers gave emphasis on efficie.ncy at the top level and few at lower levels of organisation. That is why this theory has given streams; scientific management and administrative management. The scientific management group was mainly concerned with the tasks to be performed at operative levels.
The classical theory of organisation focussed main attention on physiological and mechanical variables of organisational functioning. The testing of these variables did not show positive results. The Hawthorne Studies conducted by George Elton Mayo and associates discovered that real cause of human behaviour was somewhat more than mere physiological variables. These studies focussed attention on human beings in the organisation.ncy at the top level and few at lower levels of organisation. That is why this theory has given streams; scientific management and administrative management. The scientific management group was mainly concerned with the tasks to be performed at operative levels.
Neo-Classical Organisation Theory:
The classical theory of organisation focussed main attention on physiological and mechanical variables of organisational functioning. The testing of these variables did not show positive results. The Hawthorne Studies conducted by George Elton Mayo and associates discovered that real cause of human behaviour was somewhat more than mere physiological variables. These studies focussed attention on human beings in the organisation