Question

Explain Aufbau principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity for writing electronic configuration with example.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Aufbau principle: It states that electrons fill lower- energy atomic orbitals before filling higher- energy ones. By following this rule, we can predict the electron configurations for atoms or ions.

Paul's exclusion principle:It states that no two electrons in the same atom can have identical values for all four of their quantum numbers.

Hund's Rule:According to Hund's rule, all orbitals will be singly occupied before any is doubly occupied.

Answer 2

Aufbau principle:

• The word 'Aufbau in German means 'building up.
• The filling up of orbitals with electrons is known as the Aufbau principle.
• In an atom, an electron enters the orbital with the lowest energy first, and succeeding electrons are filled in the order of increasing energies in the ground state of an atom.

Pauli's Exclusion Principle:

• As stated by the Pauli exclusion rule, no two electrons in an atom can have similar values for each quantum number.

Hunds rule of maximum multiplicity:

• For a given electron configuration, the lowest energy term has the greatest value of spin multiplicity as stated in hunds rules of multiplicity.