Explain biological importance of magnesium and calcium
Answers
1.Activity of enzymes: Mg plays a crucial role in the biochemical reactions occurring in our body. The main role of this ion in the body is to regulate the functions of enzymes which in turn are responsible for various chemical reactions. Magnesium as an enzyme co-factor plays an important role in the breakage of glucose and fat molecules, in the production of enzymes, proteins and regulation of cholesterol.
2.Protector of human DNA: DNA synthesis is not possible without the sufficient supply of this ion. It is responsible for the stability and proper functioning of DNA
3.To maintain an electrolyte balance: It is one of the most important mineral in order to maintain a healthy electrolytic balance in our body.Deficiency of this ion leads to the improper functioning of sodium-potassium pump.
Biological importance of calcium
1.Calcium is mainly found in the bones and teeth of the living beings.
2.Blood is a large tank of this mineral.
3.It helps in blood clotting. Deficiency of calcium increases the blood clotting time.
4.Calcium supports muscle contraction.
5.The deficiency of this metal leads to disorder of nerves.
6.It plays a significant role in the metabolism of nitrogen in plants. Absence of this mineral in the plants affects the size and number of chloroplasts.
Biological Importance of Magnesium :
1)Magnesium is essential for the activity of the various enzymes such as enzymes of glycolysis.
2)It is the central atom present in chlorophyll (plant pigment necessary for photosynthesis).
3)It is a cofactor for the breakdown of the fats and glucose.
4)It is essential for the synthesis of the energy currency of the cell, that is, ATP.
5)Responsible for the stability and synthesis of DNA.
6)Maintains the electrolyte balance in the body.
Biological Importance of Calcium
1)Important component of cell wall. It is present in the middle lamellae in the form of calcium pectate.
2)Maintains the anionic balance in the plant vacuole.
3)Used to stabilize the permeability of cell membranes.
4)Important for structure and function of proteins.
5)Essential component during blood clotting.
6)It also brings about muscle contraction.
7)Calcium acts as secondary messenger during cell signaling.
8)Helps in proper heart and nerve functions.
9)Calcium is essential for strong bones and teeth.