Question

Explain biological nitrogen fixation सुपोषण तथा शैवाल प्रस्फुटन को परिभाषित कीजिए। 20. Define Eutrophication and Algal blooms.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Biological nitrogen fixation is the term used for a process in which nitrogen gas (N2) from the atmosphere is incorporated into the tissue of certain plants.

eutrophication means excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to run-off from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant.

algae bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems.

Answer 2

Biological nitrogen fixation, Eutrophication and Algal blooms are explained below:-

• The reduction of nitrogen to ammonia by living organisms is called biological nitrogen fixation. Only some prokaryotic species can fix atmospheric nitrogen. Azotobacter is one common example in a free-living state.
• Usually, after rainfall water from the fields seep down into the water bodies. These fields are already enriched with chemical fertilizers. These chemical fertilizers seep down into water bodies and increase the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. This nutrient enrichment of water bodies is called Eutrophication.
• Algal blooms are caused by eutrophication. As a result of eutrophication, due to excessive nutrients, algae formation is observed in large quantities. This deprives the aquatic organism of oxygen and results in poor water quality.