explain breifly the kilafat movement in India?
Answers
Answer:
The Khilafat movement (1919-1924) was an agitation by Indian Muslims allied with Indian nationalism in the years following World War I. Its purpose was to pressure the British government to preserve the authority of the Ottoman Sultan as Caliph of Islam following the breakup of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the war.
Answer:
Non cooperation movement was practiced with full enthusiasm and zeal initially in the Urban cities and towns by people who looked up to Gandhi and his methods of agitation. Since Gandhi infused new energy in the nationalist struggle , converting it into a mass movement, people found new ways of venting their voice and dissent.
a.There was surrender of titles.
b.Boycott of schools and colleges
c.The council elections were boycotted.
d.Foreign goods were burnt, liquor shops were picketed
e.People discarded foreign cloth and encouraged the use of khadi
But the movement started fizzling out as hand made goods, khadi were expensive and poor could not afford it. Like wise, there were no alternative Indian institutions to cater to students and teachers.
IMPACT OF NON-COOPERATION MOVEMENT :
(i) The Indian National Movement became a nation-wide movement with the participation of all sections of the society like :
peasants
workers
zamindars
merchants
industrialists
(ii) The movement fostered Hindu-Muslim unity and also removed the problems of the Congress
(iii) The movement promoted social reforms and stopped untouchability . It also promoted "Swadeshi" and "Khadi".
(iv) The Congress became a deliberative body and this led to the Struggle for Independence.
(v) It also popularised the cult of Swaraj.
(vi) The nationalistic feelings were spread all over the country and reached villages and poor people also.
The effect of Non-Cooperation Movement on the economic fronts were dramatic. The Non-Cooperation movement started with middle-class participation in the cities. Thousands of students left government-controlled schools and colleges, headmasters and teachers resigned, and lawyers gave up their legal practices. The council elections were boycotted in most provinces except Madras, where the Justice Party, the party of the non-Brahmans, felt that entering the council was one way of gaining some power; something that usually only Brahmans had access to.
The effects of non-cooperation on the economic front were more dramatic. Foreign goods were boycotted, liquor shops picketed, and foreign cloth burnt in huge bonfires. The import of foreign cloth halved between 1921 and 1922, its value dropping from Rs 102 crore to Rs 57 crore. In many places, merchants and traders refused to trade in foreign goods or finance foreign trade. As the boycott movement spread, and people began discarding imported clothes and wearing only Indian ones, production of Indian textile mills and handlooms went up.