Question

Explain breifly the three method of crop production which ensures high yield ?

Answer 1

Answer:inter cropping , mixed cropping and crop rotation

Explanation:

Mixed cropping is growing two or more

crops simultaneously on the same piece of

land, for example, wheat + gram, or wheat +

mustard, or groundnut + sunflower. This

reduces risk and gives some insurance

against failure of one of the crops.

Inter-cropping is growing two or more

crops simultaneously on the same field in a

definite pattern .A few rows of one

crop alternate with a few rows of a second

crop, for example, soyabean + maize, or finger

millet (bajra) + cowpea (lobia). The crops are

selected such that their nutrient

requirements are different. This ensures

maximum utilisation of the nutrients

supplied, and also prevents pests and

diseases from spreading to all the plants

belonging to one crop in a field. This way,

both crops can give better returns.

(gokhroo), Parthenium (gajar ghas),

Cyperinus rotundus (motha). They compete

for food, space and light. Weeds take up

nutrients and reduce the growth of the crop.

Therefore, removal of weeds from cult

Generally insect pests attack the plants

in three ways: (i) they cut the root, stem and

leaf, (ii) they suck the cell sap from various

parts of the plant, and (iii) they bore into stem

and fruits. They thus affect the health of the

crop and reduce yields.

Diseases in plants are caused by

pathogens such as bacteria, fungi and viruses.

These pathogens can be present in and

transmitted through the soil, water and air.

Weeds, insects and diseases can be

controlled by various methods. One of the

most commonly used methods is the use of

pesticides, which include herbicides,

insecticides and fungicides. These chemicals

are sprayed on crop plants or used for treating

seeds and soil. However, excessive use of

these chemicals creates problems, since they

can be poisonous to many plant and animal

species and cause environmental pollution.

Intercropping

The growing of different crops on a piece

of land in a pre-planned succession is known

as crop rotation. Depending upon the

duration, crop rotation is done for different

crop combinations. The availability of moisture

and irrigation facilities decide the choice of the

crop to be cultivated after one harvest. If crop

rotation is done properly then two or three

crops can be grown in a year with good

harvests.