Explain briefly about Boyle point
Answers
In the vicinity of the Boyle point, small sections of the isotherm of a real gas can be considered approximately as segmentsof horizontal straight lines that according to the Clapeyron equation pV = mRT represent the isotherms of an ideal gas. (T isthe absolute temperature, R is the gas constant, and m is the mass of the gas.) In other words, the Boyle point determinesthe temperature at which, for a given real gas, the equation of an ideal gas is applicable. The section of the isotherm ab (tothe left of the Boyle point) corresponds to the conditions under which a real gas is more compressible than an ideal gas; thesection bc (to the right of the Boyle point) corresponds to the conditions of lower compressibility of a real gas in comparisonwith an ideal gas. The dominant influence of the forces of attraction between molecules, which facilitates the contraction ofa gas, becomes apparent to the left of the Boyle point; the influence of the volume of the molecules themselves, whichhinders contraction, appears to the right of the Boyle point. In the vicinity of the Boyle point, these factors—whichdistinguish a real gas from an ideal gas—compensate each other.
The line that connects the Boyle points of individual isotherms is called the Boyle curve. The point of this curve that lies onthe y-axis (p = 0) determines the so-called Boyle temperature (TB). For a gas that obeys the van der Waals equation, TB =3.375 Tc, where Tc is the critical temperature. For T < Tc the complete liquefaction of the gas under pressure is possible; forT < TB, partial liquefaction of gases is possible upon throttling.
The temperature at which a real gas obeys ideal gas law over an appreciable range of pressure is called Boyle point.Boyle point of a gas depends upon its nature.
Above their Boyle point, real gases show positive deviations from ideality and Z values are greater than 1.
Below Boyle temperature real gases first show decrease in Z value with increasing pressure, which reaches a minimum value.
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