explain briefly about each of the types of monerans
Answers
Answer:Characteristics of Monera
The Monerans are unicellular organisms.
They contain 70S ribosomes.
The DNA is naked and is not bound by a nuclear membrane.
It lacks organelles like mitochondria, lysosomes, plastids, Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, centrosome, etc.
They reproduce asexually by binary fission or budding.
The cell wall is rigid and made up of peptidoglycan.
Flagellum serves as the locomotory organ.
These are environmental decomposers
They show different modes of nutrition such as autotrophic, parasitic, heterotrophic, or saprophytic.
Classification of Monera
Archaebacteria
These are the most ancient bacteria found in the most extreme habitats such as salty area (halophiles), hot springs (thermoacidophiles), and marshy areas (methanogens).
The structure of the cell wall is different from that of the other bacteria which helps them survive in extreme conditions.
The mode of nutrition is autotrophic.
The nucleotide sequences of its t-RNA and r-RNA is unique.
Eubacteria
Eubacteria are also known as “true bacteria”.
The cell wall is rigid and made up of peptidoglycans.
It moves with the help of flagella.
A few bacteria contain short appendages on the cell surface, known as pili which help the bacteria during sexual reproduction. Pili also helps a pathogen to attach to the host.
They are divided into two categories; gram-positive and gram-negative, depending upon the nature of the cell wall and the stain they take.
Rhizobium and Clostridium are two eubacteria.
Cyanobacteria
These are also known as blue-green algae.
These bacteria are photosynthetic in nature.
They contain chlorophyll, carotenoids, and phycobilins.
They are found in the aquatic region.
Some of these even fix atmospheric nitrogen.
Nostoc, Anabaena, Spirulina are some cyanobacteria.
Monerans are very useful organisms. They enrich the soil and serve as an important part of the nitrogen cycle. They are also helpful in the production of some food items, and antibiotics. Methanogens play an important role in the treatment of sewage. Many organisms rely on archaebacteria as the source of food.
hope it helps u