Explain briefly the reasons why the rule of the Portuguese in Melaka ended. (4m)
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Answer:
In 1574 a combined attack from Aceh Sultanate and Javanese Jepara tried again to capture Malacca from the Portuguese, but ended in failure due to poor coordination. Competition from other ports such as Johor saw Asian traders bypass Malacca and the city began to decline as a trading port.
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The Portuguese Rule in Malacca/Meleka ended due to the Dutch taking over power.
Explanation:
- Dutch East India Company started contesting Portuguese power in the East by the early 17th century.
- In January 1641 the Dutch marched with their local allies and eventually took over Malacca from the Portuguese.
- Malacca was the most important trade port in South East Asia throughout the 16th century.
- Indian, Arab, and European retailers visited there regularly, and the Portuguese made huge profits from the particularly lucrative spice trade that passed through the harbour.
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