Question

Explain cell membrane fluidity and asymmetry

Answer 1

Cell membrane is Bilayer, that is it is made up of two layers - inner and outer leaflet. And constituents of this layers are distributed unequally through the two surfaces to create the asymmetry. (Refer to standard textbook figure attached). This asymmetry is actually critical to cell signalling functionality. And it also reflects that the two layers have different functions. 

This phospholipid bilayer is is constantly in motion due to rotations of the bonds of the lipid. Hydrophobic tails of this bilayer locks with itself. But hydrophilic tail hydrogen bonding with water makes this group exhibit less movement as their rotation and mobility is restricted. This structure results in increasing viscocity of the bilayer making it fluid like structure.

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Answer 2

The biological membrane is a collage of many different proteins embedded in the fluid matrix of the lipid bilayer. The lipid bilayer is the main fabric of the membrane, and its structure creates a semi-permeable membrane. The hydrophobic core impedes the transport of hydrophilic structures, such as ions and polar molecules but enable hydrophobic molecules, which can dissolve in the membrane, cross it with ease. Proteins determine most of the membrane's specific functions. The plasma membrane and the membranes of the various organelles each have unique collections of proteins. For example, to date more than 50 kinds of proteins have been found in the plasma membrane of red blood cells.