Explain chemical properties of Group 18 elements.
Answers
Explanation:
The Group 18 elements including Helium ( He),Neon(Ne),Argon(Ar),Krypton(Kr),and Radon(Rn) . They are referred to as noble gases or inert gases. This means that those elements are chemically inert and do not take part in any reation
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The noble gases (Group 18) are located in the far right of the periodic table and were previously referred to as the "inert gases" due to the fact that their filled valence shells (octets) make them extremely nonreactive. The noble gases were characterized relatively late compared to other element groups.
Characteristics of Group 18 Elements:
Electronic configuration of noble gases:
Members of group 18 have eight valence electrons, i.e., they have eight electrons in their outermost orbit (except helium). Thus, they exhibit a stable octet configuration. But helium exhibits a duplet configuration. The general configuration of the noble gas family is given as ns2np6 (except helium which has 1s2).
Atomic radii of noble gases:
The members of group 18 have very small atomic radii. Atomic radii of noble gases increase down the group with an increase in atomic number due to the addition of new shells.
Ionization enthalpy of noble gases:
Noble gases have eight valence electrons, that is, they have eight electrons in their outermost orbit (except helium). Thus, they exhibit stable octet or duplet configuration. Hence, the elements of group 18 exhibit very high ionization enthalpies. Ionization enthalpy of noble gases decreases down the group due to the increase in their atomic size.
Electron gain enthalpy of noble gases:
Members of the group have eight valence electrons (except helium). Thus, they exhibit stable octet or duplet configuration. Hence, elements of group 18 exhibit very large positive values of electron gain enthalpy.