Explain classification of acid and bases with example
Answers
;Answer:acids produce a piercing pain in a wound,it tastes sour Turns red in litmus paper indicator, has a ph value of less than 7 produces hydrogen gas when reacted with metals, produces carbon dioxide whe reacted with carbonates eg: acetic acid
bases have a slippery feeling, they taste bitter ,turns red litmus paper blue,has a ph value of more than 7, they are found in soaps ,sodium hydroxide.
Explanation:
Classification of acids and bases
1. Strong and weak acids, bases and alkali
1. Acids and bases are classified as strong and weak on the basis of the extent to
which they dissociate in their aqueous solutions.
Strong acid : On dissolving in water, a strong acid dissociates almost completely and the resulting aqueous solution contains mainly H+ ions and the concerned acidic radical. For example, HCl, HBr, HNO3 , H2SO4.
Weak acid : On dissolving in water a weak acid does not dissociate completely. The resulting aqueous solution contains H+ ion and the concerned acidic radical in small proportion along with large proportion of the undissociated molecules of the acid. For example, CH3COOH (Acetic Acid), CO2.
Strong base : On dissolving in water, a strong base dissociates almost completely and the resulting aqueous solution contains mainly OH-ions and the concerned basic radicals. For example, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Na2O.
Weak base : On dissolving in water a weak base does not dissociate completely. The resulting aqueous solution contains a small proportion of OH- ions and the concerned basic radical along with a large proportion of undissociated molecules of the base. For example, NH3.
Alkali : The bases which are highly soluble in water are called alkali. For example, NaOH, KOH, NH3. Here, NaOH and KOH are strong bases while NH3 is a weak base.
2. Basicity and acidityComplete the following table.
Table is in attachment.
Acids and bases are also classified according to their basicity and acidity respectively.
Basicity of acids : The number of H+ ions obtainable by the dissociation of one molecule of an acid is called its basicity.
Acidity of bases : The number of OH- ions obtainable by the dissociation of one molecule of a base is called its acidity.
