explain classification of soil and write 4 features of each soil
Answers
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There are four main types of soil with each one offering its own benefits and weaknesses in the health of your garden.
- Sand. Sand is gritty and consists of very small particles of rock and minerals.
- Silt. Silt is a very fertile soil.
- Clay. Clay is very fine grain soil with little air space.
- Loam.
Soil Characteristics - Important Characteristic of soil
Soil Characteristics - Important Characteristic of soilSoil Characteristics
Soil Characteristics
There are seven soil characteristics that are used to classify the soil: composition, color, texture, structure, soil water, organic matter and chemistry. Each one of them are described briefly below.
Composition
The composition of the soil is placed into four different categories: inorganic material, organic material,water and air. Inorganic material is any compound that is not derived from animal or plant sources. Carbon atoms are not present in inorganic compounds. Organic material is composed of animal and plant sources. Carbon atoms are present in organic compounds. The amount of water and air particles that are present in the soil will also determine it’s composition.
Color
The color of the soil is another way to characterize soil. Soil that is black or a rich, deep brown is high in organic content. This soil is very fertile and is ideal for planting and farming. The nutrients in the soil are rich. Yellow, red, or orange soil indicates that it is rich in iron. Soil that has a light gray or white tint has a lot of calcium or silica.
Texture
The texture is the feel of the soil and generally refers to the clay, silt and sand content. There is a texture triangle that scientists use to determine the characteristics of soil. According to the texture triangle, the soil is considered clay if it is less than 0.002 mm. It is silt if the soil is between 0.002 and 0.05 mm. The texture is sand if it is between 0.05 and 2.0 mm.
Structure
Structure is the shape, size and organization of peds. A ped is a soil particle. Soil that has particles that are horizontal, plate-like or flat are called platy. Soil with long, vertical particles that are bound by flat or slightly rounded vertical faces are prismatic and columnar. Particles that are block-like or somewhat square are called blocky. Small, rounded particles are granular.