Question

Explain convergent evolution with the help of two example?


class 12th CBSE Biology sample paper

Answer 1

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Convergent evolution is a topic of evolutionary biology which can be described as the process where some diverse organisms individually develop the traits which are similar in function. For example insects, birds, pterosaurs, and bats; all have developed the similar nature of the flight/wings. All four serve the same function and are similar in structure, but each evolved independently...
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Answer 2

Convergent evolution is evolution of similar features in species of different decents.

Convergent evolution forms analogous structures that have similar form or function but was not present in the last common ancestor of those groups.

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 Hence, analogous structures are result of convergent evolution that is different structures evolving for the same function and hence having similarity.

for example: the eye of the octopus (water creature) and of mammals or the flippers of Penguins(flying) and Dolphins(swimming).