explain crop categories based on their requirements
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Answer:
On an economic basis, crops are classified into grains, spices, fibrous crops, fodder, fruits, medicinal plants, roots, sesame and pulses, stimulants sugary crops. On the basis of specific use crops are classified as intermediate crops, cash crops, soil protective crops, and green fertilizers.
Step-by-step explanation:
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This article throws light upon the seven categories of classification of crops. The categories are: 1. Classification Based on Season 2. Classification According to Taxonomy 3. Classification According to Botany 4. Classification Based on Special Purpose 5. Classification Based on Cultural Method/Water 6. Classification Based on Root System 7. Classification Based on No. of Cotyledon.
Category # 1. Classification Based on Season:
1. Kharif Crops:
The Kharif/monsoon crop is sown with the beginning of the first rains in June to July, during the south-west monsoon season and harvest in the month of October. The term Kharif means “autumn” in Arabic, e.g. Paddy, Maize, Soybean, Sorghum, Groundnut, Cotton, Urd etc.
2. Rabi Crops:
The Rabi/winter crop or spring harvest crop is sown in the month of November during the north-east monsoon season and harvest in the month of February. The term Rabi means “spring” in Arabic, e.g. Wheat, Chickpea, Pea, Sunflower, Safflower, Mustard etc.
3. Zaid Crops:
The Zaid/summer crop is mainly sown in the month of March and harvested in May. Requires warm day weather for major growth period and longer day length for flowering e.g. Paddy, Groundnut, Moong, Sunflower, Maize, Groundnuts, Watermelon, Pumpkins and Gourds.
There are many systems of classification of crops for example commercial, taxonomical and agricultural among the agriculture classification of corrupt crops is most widely accepted because it is commonly it covers the taxonomical and commercial and other aspects.
Taxonomical classification deals with the taxonomical aspects of classifying aspects of crops—that is their morphology and economical parts and agro-botanical characters.
Advantage: understanding of the morphological characters of any particular family
Disadvantage: crops with different economic uses and morphological and other agro-botanical peculiarities when brought under one family do not generally bring out the economic importance of the individual crops.