Explain Darwin's theory of Natural Selection with industrial melanism.
Answers
The theory of natural selection proposed by Darwin in the year 1859 (Darwinism) : This theory states that the organisms evolution through natural selection and accumulation of inheritable variations.
Some of the features of the theory are :-
1. Limited food and space:- continuous consumption of food causes scarcity and even population of different species cannot increase their consumption beyond a certain limit.
2. Struggle for existence:- It is said, “Survival of the fittest”. So there are always competition going on among organisms for resources.
3. Variations:- New species arrive when there are variations such as in structure, size and physiology.
4. Inheritance of useful variations:- Next generation acquires the same process to get variations and natural selection. And formation of new variations by accumulations completely produces new species.