Question

explain different components of food and their sources

Answer 1

Answer:

Components of Food (Tabular Representation)

Food ComponentFunctionsCarbohydratesThese are digested and broken down into glucose and provide energy to the bodyFatsStore energy, protects and insulates the important organsProteinsHelp in metabolism, act as enzymes, and hormones

Answer 2

Answer:

Question :-

Explain different components of food and their sources.

Answer :-

When we talk of components of food, we mean 5 nutrients plus water and roughage. Thus, our food have 7 component. These are :

1. Carbohydrates
2. Fats
3. Proteins
4. Vitamins
5. Minerals
6. Water
7. Roughage (Dietary fibre)

Each component of food has it own function in the body.

1. Carbohydrates :-

Carbohydrates provide energy to our body. The main carbohydrate that we eat in our food is stars and it comes from cereals like wheat and rice. Even potatoes which we eat almost everyday contain a lot of starch carbohydrate.

Some of the common sources of carbohydrates in our food are - potatoes, sweet potatoes, sugar, jaggery, honey and cereals like wheat, rice, maize, pearl millet.

2. Fats :-

Fats also provide energy to our body. In fact, facts provide us twice as much energy as that provided by the same amount of carbohydrates. For example, a little butter ( which is a fact ) provides us much more energy than a large slice of bread ( which is a carbohydrate ).

Fats are the richest source of energy but they are more expensive than carbohydrates. Since both, fats and carbohydrates provide energy, the foods containing fats and carbohydrates are called energy-giving foods.

Fats are supplied to our body by many foods such as: butter, ghee, milk, cheese, cooling oil, egg yolk, meat, groudnut, cashewnut and soyabean.

3. Proteins :-

Proteins supply the materials that are needed to make new cells by the body. Proteins also have materials which repair the damaged body cells during the healing of wounds. Thus, proteins are needed for the growth and repair of our body. In fact, foods containing proteins are known as body-building foods. Children need more proteins than adult because of the repaired growth of their body.

The various food which are rich in proteins are: milk, cheese, pulses, peas, beans, soyabean, groundnuts, fish, meat, chicken and eggs.

4. Vitamins :-

Vitamins are important for the normal growth and development of the body. A number of chemical reactions take place in the body in the presence of Vitamin and protect our body against infections. Thus, vitamin help in protecting our body against diseases.

Though vitamins are needed by our body in very small quantities but their presence is essential. Vitamins are represented by the letters of the alphabet such as A, B, C, D, E, and K.

5. Minerals :-

Our body need minerals for it proper functioning, normal growth and good health. Minerals are needed to build bones and teeth; formation of haemoglobin in blood; coagulation of blood; and functioning of muscles, nerves and thyroid gland, etc. Minerals are needed by our body in small quantities. Some of the important minerals needed by our body are calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, sodium and potassium.

6. Water :-

Water is essential for life but it has no no food value in our body. A person can live without food for several weeks but would die in a few day without water. Water is the liquid in which other substances dissolve and move within the body or get eliminated from the body. Water is needed by our body :

(i) To transport digested food to the body cell.

(ii) To transport important chemical such as hormones around the body.

(iii) To get rid of waste product from the body.

(iv) To control and regulate the temperature of the body.

(v) To prevent dehydration in our body.

7. Roughage :-

Roughage is the fibrous matter in food which cannot be digested. Roughage is mainly made of an indigestible carbohydrate called cellulose which is present in plant cell walls. Roughage does not provide any nutrients to our body. Roughage is also called dietary fibre. Dietary fibre means fibre which can be eaten as a part of food .