explain different types of minerals with example?
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Answer:
Different Types of Minerals
Minerals are classified based on their crystal form and chemistry. Minerals are divided into two types namely metallic and non-metallic.
Explanation:
1. Metallic Minerals
Metallic minerals exhibit lustre in their appearance and consist of metals in their chemical composition. These minerals serve as a potential source of metal and can be extracted through mining. Examples of metallic minerals are Manganese, iron ore and bauxite are Metallic minerals and be divided into ferrous and non-ferrous metallic minerals.
Ferrous minerals are one that contains iron and non-ferrous are one that does not contain iron.
2. Non-metallic minerals
Non-metallic minerals are minerals which either show a non-metallic lustre or shine in their appearance. Extractable metals are not present in their chemical composition. Limestone, gypsum, and mica are examples of non-metallic minerals.
Bauxite ore mostly exists in deeply weathered rocks. Volcanic rocks contain bauxite deposits in some regions.
Iron metal extracted from iron ore. It never exists in pure form and has to be extracted from iron ore by eliminating the impurities.
Gold is the oldest and most precious element to be known.
Manganese ore is a silvery brittle or grey-white metallic ore occurs in many forms and found worldwide.
Answer:
Types of Minerals
Broadly, minerals can be classified as metallic and non-metallic minerals.
Metallic Minerals: As the name suggests, metallic minerals are those which are formed by various metals by reacting with other elements. These minerals also show physical properties similar to metals, such as luster. Depending on the chemical composition, metallic minerals can be oxides, sulphides, carbonates, halides etc. But some of the metallic minerals are also found in their pure forms, such as gold. Iron is one of the most commonly used metals on earth, hence a sub-classification of metallic minerals can also be in the form of ferrous and non-ferrous minerals. Ferrous minerals contain iron while non –ferrous minerals do not contain iron.
All of the metallic ores such as magnetite, pyrite, bauxite, hematite etc. can be called metallic minerals.
Non-Metallic Minerals: These minerals do not contain any metals, so they generally have non-metallic physical properties. Though we cannot extract metals from these minerals, non-metallic minerals are still of immense use to humankind. Silica is one of the most abundant non-metallic minerals and is used for construction activities. Coal is used to produce heat which is in-turn used to produce electrical power in thermal power plants. Diamond is a rare mineral which is used as a gemstone in jewellery.
The above discussed classification of minerals is at a broad level. You can also dig deeper within each classification for further details, but that is out of purview of this topic.
Examples of Minerals and Their Uses
Here is a list of minerals which are immensely used to improve our day-to-day lives.
Hematite: It is a metallic mineral and an iron oxide. It’s formula is Fe2O3. It is used to extract iron and is one of the many iron ores. Other iron ores are magnetite, limonite and siderite.
Gold: Gold is also a metallic mineral which is generally found in its elemental form (i.e. not in a compound) or as an alloy with mercury or silver. Gold has been used since centuries as jewellery and as a store of value or currency.
Coal: Coal is a black hard substance which is mostly carbon. It is one of the most commonly used fossil fuels. It was earlier used to run steam engines but is now mostly used to produce electricity in thermal power stations. It is also used as a domestic fuel, albeit at a low scale.
Diamond: Diamond is another form of carbon which is one of the hardest substances found in nature. Some diamonds are very lustrous and are used as ornaments. Other diamonds, which do not find any use in jewellery, are used as cutters in industries.