Explain direct and indirect ranging of chain surveying.
Answers
Both terms describe a way of recounting something that may have been said – but there is a subtle difference between them.
Direct speech describes when something is being repeated exactly as it was – usually in between a pair of inverted commas. For example:
She told me, “I’ll come home by 10pm.”
Indirect speech will still share the same information – but instead of expressing someone’s comments or speech by directly repeating them, it involves reporting or describing what was said. An obvious difference is that with indirect speech, you won’t use inverted commas. For example:
She said to me that she would come home by 10pm.
Answer:
Direct Ranging
The ranging in which intermediate ranging rods are placed in a straight line by direct observation from either end.
Direct ranging is possible only when the end stations are inter visible.
Indirect Ranging
The ranging in which intermediate points are interpolated by reciprocal ranging or running an auxiliary line.
Indirect ranging is done where end points are not visible and the ground is high .
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