Explain endoplasmic reticulum in detail.And NO copying...
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*Endoplasmic reticulum*
STRUCTURE:
Endoplasmic reticulum have three kinds of structure:
1) Cisternae: It is lon, flattered, parallel, sac- like, interconnected structures. These are found in the cells which are actively involved in protein synthesis. They are usually associated with large subunits of ribosomes.
2) Tubules: These are branched or unbranched structure forming the reticular system alongwith the cisternae and vesicles. They have free ribosomes and they are involved in lipid and sterol synthesis.
3) Vesicles: They are oval, membrane bound vacuolar structures.
TYPES:
There are two types of ER on the basis of presence or absence of ribosomes on the surface of ER.
1) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: It is free of ribosomes. It appears like smooth tubular structure under electron microscope.
Function: *Specialised in synthesis of lipids and steroids
* Detoxification of drug
* Associated with muscle contraction by release and hota of Ca2+ ions
2) Rough endoplasmic reticulum: It bears ribosomes on its surface, Which gives it granular appearance under electron microscope.
Function: * Actively involved in protein synthesis and secretion.(due to presence of ribosomes)
* Provides precursors of enzymes for the formation of lysosomes in Golgi complex.
* Gives rise to SER.
STRUCTURE:
Endoplasmic reticulum have three kinds of structure:
1) Cisternae: It is lon, flattered, parallel, sac- like, interconnected structures. These are found in the cells which are actively involved in protein synthesis. They are usually associated with large subunits of ribosomes.
2) Tubules: These are branched or unbranched structure forming the reticular system alongwith the cisternae and vesicles. They have free ribosomes and they are involved in lipid and sterol synthesis.
3) Vesicles: They are oval, membrane bound vacuolar structures.
TYPES:
There are two types of ER on the basis of presence or absence of ribosomes on the surface of ER.
1) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: It is free of ribosomes. It appears like smooth tubular structure under electron microscope.
Function: *Specialised in synthesis of lipids and steroids
* Detoxification of drug
* Associated with muscle contraction by release and hota of Ca2+ ions
2) Rough endoplasmic reticulum: It bears ribosomes on its surface, Which gives it granular appearance under electron microscope.
Function: * Actively involved in protein synthesis and secretion.(due to presence of ribosomes)
* Provides precursors of enzymes for the formation of lysosomes in Golgi complex.
* Gives rise to SER.
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Explanation:
Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes inside a cell through which proteins and other molecules move. Proteins are assembled at organelles called ribosomes. ... Smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes and helps synthesize and concentrate various substances needed by the cell.
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