explain endosmosis and exosmosis with examples and diagrams.
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Answers
In endosmosis, movement of water molecules occurs from the surrounding environment into the cell due to a difference in water potential along the cell membrane. The water potential of the surrounding environment is higher than the water potential within th e cell in endosmosis. In simple terms, endosmosis is the movement of water into the cell through a semi- permeable cell membrane. Concerning the solute concentrations, cell cytosol has a higher solute concentration than the cell surrounding. The difference in water potential and the difference in solute concentrations involve in building up of a potential gradient that results in endosmosis.
What is an Exosmosis?
In exosmosis, water that is present in the cytosol is moved out from the cell due to a water potential gradient built across the cell and the surrounding environment. Here, the water potential of the cell is said to be higher concerning the surrounding environment. Therefore, water moves from the place of higher water potential (cell cytosol) to a place of lower potential (solution). Exosmosis in simple terms is the movement of water out from the cell. During exosmosis, the solute concentration in the cell is lower than the outside environment. Both factors such as the difference in water potential and solute concentration cause the built up of a potential gradient and finally results in the occurrence of exosmosis in a cell.
Answer:
1. Endosmosis-: The movement of water in the cell or a body through a semipermeable membrane is called endosmosis.
It can be demonstrated as
follows :
(i) Take some raisins with stalks and put them in
plain water in a beaker.
(ii) Observation : Raisins absorb water and swell.
Raisins have high concentration of sugar
than surrounding plain water. Because of
this, water from the outside passing through
semipermeable membrane enters into the cell.
This is endosmosis.
2. Exosmosis-: The movement of water out from a cell or a body through a semipermeable membrane is called exosmosis.
This can be demonstrated as
follows :
(i) We place the swollen raisins (from above
activity) into a beaker containing a
concentrated solution of sugar or salt.
(ii) Observation : When swollen raisins are placed
in concentrated sugar or salt solution, they
shrink because the solution surrounding the
raisins is having low water concentration.
Thus, raisins loose water by osmosis, this
process is called exosmosis.
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