Question

Explain energy bands in solids classification of material using energy band

Answer 1

Insulator Energy Bands. Most solidsubstances are insulators, and in terms of the band theory of solids this implies that there is a large forbidden gap between the energies of the valence electrons and the energy at which the electrons can move freely through the material (the conductionband).

Answer 2

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Classification of solids based on energy band :

Insulators:

Insulators are those substance which do not allow electric charge ro flow through them.

Example : Rubber, wood

In terms of energy bands, insulators are those substance which valence band and energy bands are widely seperated. The forbidden gap is greater than or equal to 5eV.

Conductors:

These are the substance which allow the easy flow of charges.

Example : copper, aluminium

In terms of energy bands, conductors are those substance which valence band and energy bands overlap.

Semiconductors :

These are the substance which partially allow the electric charge to flow through them.

Example :germanium, silicon

In terms of energy bands, semiconductor are those substance which valence band and energy bands are moderately seperated. Forbidden gap is less. It is of the order 1eV.

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