Question

Explain ETS. (Topic: Respiration in plants)

Answer 1

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ETS or electron transport system is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It helps in releasing and utilizing the energy stored in NADH+H+ and FADH2. NADH + H+, which is formed during glycolysis and citric acid cycle gets oxidized by NADH dehydrogenase. The electrons so generated get transferred to ubiquinone through FMN. In a similar manner, FADH2 generated during citric acid cycle gets transferred to ubiquinone. The electrons from ubiquinone are received by cytochrome bc1 and further get transferred to cytochrome c. The cytochrome c acts as a mobile carrier between complex III and cytochrome c oxidase complex, containing cytochrome a and a3, along with copper centres

During the transfer of electrons from each complex the process is accompanied by the production of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate by the action ATP synthase. The amount of ATP produced depends on the molecule, which has been oxidized. 3 ATP molecules are produced by the oxidation of one molecule of NADH. One molecule of FADH2 on oxidation gives 2 ATP molecules.

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Answer 2

Dear Student,

● Electron transport system -

• Electron transport system is a series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons across a membrane.

Electron transport system contains 4 complexes -

1) Complex I - NADH dehydrogenase

• Redox groups - FMN & Fex

2) Complex II - Succinate CoQ-reductase

• Redox groups - FAD & FeS

3) Complex III - CoQ cyt.c reductase

• Redox groups - Hemes & FeS

4) Complex IV - Cytochrome oxidase

• Redox groups - Hemes, CuA & CuB

Hope this helped you. Thanks for asking..