Question

Explain five changes towards the decentralization brought in the constitution after the amendments made in 1992?

Answer 1

The Constitutional Amendment of 1992 introduced the concrete shape of decentralization.
The three tiers of democracy have been made more effective. The provisions of Constitutional Amendment are as follows:
• To hold regular elections to the local government bodies has been made compulsory.
• Reservation of seats for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward classes in the elected bodies.
• One third i.e., 33 per cent seats to be reserved for women.
• To conduct an election for the local government bodies at the rural and urban level, State Election Commission, an independent institution, has been constituted.
• The state governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies.
Thus after the Constitutional Amendment of 1992, the concept of decentralization in the federal power-sharing has become more democratic.

Answer 2

Decentralization: When control is obtained from state and central governments and is proffered to local government, it is described decentralization. The Indian constitution was amended in 1992 to form the third tier of democracy which is more influential and powerful.

Outlines of the Constitutional Amendment of 1992 are:

Immediately after the amendment, it is compulsory to hold periodic elections to local administration organizations.

Seats should be mandatorily reserved in the appointed bodies and the official administrators of these institutions for SCs, STs, and OBCs.

At least one-third of all seats should be mandatory are possessed for females.

An autonomous institution designated as the State Election Commission has been constituted in each state to administer panchayat and local elections.

The state legislatures are expected to yield revenue with local administration bodies.