explain five economie uses of microorganisms.
Answers
*Microorganism lactobacillus helps in the preparation of curd from milk.
*Acetobactor aceti is used for the production of acetic acid from alcohol.
*Yeast helps in the process of conversion of sugar into alcohol... i.e , fermentation.
*Yeast is also used for commercial production of alcohol, wine and bakeries.
*Antibiotics like , Streptomycin, tetracycline, Penicillin, erythromycin are manufactured by growing specific microorganisms.
*Certain microbes are also used in the biological treatment of sewage & industrial effluents.
*Many vaccines are prepared from microorganisms.
*They are used in the preparation of food preservatives.
*They are used to control many plant diseases.
✨✨✨✨✨
Answer:
Microorganisms like Lactobacillus and other Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) grow in milk, which convert it into curd. We have seen at home that a starter is added to milk which turn it into curd. This starter is known as inoculum, which contains millions of LAB.
Economic Importance of Microbes
Microbes in Household Products:
Microbes and their products are used in everyday life like production of curd, formation of dough, cheese, etc.
Production of Curd:
Microorganisms like Lactobacillus and other Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) grow in milk, which convert it into curd. We have seen at home that a starter is added to milk which turn it into curd. This starter is known as inoculum, which contains millions of LAB.
During growth, LAB produce acids that coagulate and partially digest the milk proteins. Thus, converting milk to curd. These also improve nutritional quality by increasing vitamin-B12 content of the curd. LAB also play very beneficial role in checking disease causing microbes in our stomach.
Fermentation by Microbes:
(i) Dough:
It is fermented by bacteria in making foods such as dosa and idli. The puffed up appearance of dough is due to the production of CO2 during fermentation. In bread making, dough is fermented using baker’s yeast, i.e., Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
(ii) Toddy:
It is a traditional drink of some parts of Southern India. It is made by yeast fermentation sap from palms trees, coconut, etc. Microbes are also used to ferment fish, soya bean, bamboo shoots, etc.
(iii) Cheese:
It is known to be the oldest food item in which microbes are used. It is formed by partial degradation of milk by different microorganisms. Different varieties of cheese are known by their texture, flavour and taste.
Swiss cheese with large holes is produced by Propionibacterium sharmanii. Holes are created due to the production of large amount of CO2 produced by this bacterium. Roquefort cheese is ripened by growing a specific fungi on them, which give them a particular flavour.
Microbes in Industrial Products:
Microbes are used to synthesise a number of products valuable to human beings in industries also e.g., beverages and antibiotic. For industrial production, microbes are grown in very large vessels called fermenters.
1. Fermented Beverages: