explain formulae of simple compounds.
Answers
What is a simple compound actually?
⇒ Its a molecular bond of the atoms of similar kind of element or of different kinds.
How the bond is actually?
⇒ The bond is nothing but by sharing electrons. We often use the term chemical bond.
But what is this chemical bond actually?
⇒ There is no bond as chemical or physical. Its only the combination of electrons of two atoms for being stable in there state. This bond may be ionic or covalent.
What is ionic bond?
⇒ Ionic bond is that bond in which there is a gaining of charge. In ionic bonds an atom always loses its electron an forms cataion and an atom gains electron and forms anaion.
In Ionic bond generally found between a metal and a non-metal. Because, a metal has always 1 or 2 or 3 electrons on its outermost shell where a non-metal has always 5 or 6 or 7 electrons. And its easy for a metal to be stabled by losing electrons and thus, it forms cataion or gains a positive charge. In the similar way its easy for a non-metal too to be stabled by gaining electrons and thus forms anaion.
What is covalent bond?
⇒ A covalent bond is such in which there is no gaining of charge but rather the atoms mutually share their electrons and be stabled. It is generally found between two non-metals.
* It should have to be noted that, in both the cases there is the exceptions about he hydrogen and metalloid.
Then what happens in case of hydrogen?
⇒ Hydrogen has only 1 electron and only 1 orbit. And we know that the first shell never can hold more than 2 electrons and that's why hydrogen often behaves as like the alkali metals and sometimes as like the halogens.
What happens in case of metalloids?
⇒ Metalloids have 4 electrons in their valence shell and it makes them partially stable and they generally don't react with other elements as like the nobel gases. But sometimes they may react also and then they may form either cataion or anaion, they may form either ionic bond or covalent bond as well.
Then what are the rules to write the equations for the compounds?
⇒
*First of all write the symbols of the elements.
* Never state the charge of the elements.
* State the molecular numbers by which they reacted.
* But mention the valence electron on the either side that means in the subscript of the other element.
* And always right the valence electron and the number of the atoms of each element in the simplest ratio with the respect to the other elements of that reaction.
Such as for an ionic compound_
MgCl₂ ⇒ Mg + 2Cl
Here, one molecule of magnesium and two molecules of chlorine are reacting.
We know that, Mg has 2 electrons in its valence shell and Cl has 7 electrons and that's why Mg reacts with 2 atoms of chlorine to be stabled and as well as the two atoms of chlorine too get stable.
The chain reaction shows a bond as like this_
Cl -- Mg -- Cl ⇒ Mg²⁺ + 2Cl⁻⇒ Mg₁Cl₂ ⇒ MgCl₂
For a covalent compound such as _
H₂O ⇒ 2H + O
Here, 1 molecule of O reacts with 2 molecules of H but in this case, there is no formation of charge as they mutually share their electrons to be stabled.
The chain reaction is somehow like_
H -- O -- H ⇒ O + 2H ⇒ H₂O