Explain four criteria of good mesuring instruments
Answers
Answered by
0
There are three major criteria for evaluating a measurement tool: validity,reliability, and sensitivity.
1:-validity
Validity is the ability of an instrument (for example measuring an attitude) to measure what it issupposed to measure. That is, when we ask a set of questions (i.e. develop a measuring instrument) withthe hope that we are tapping the concept, how can we be reasonably certain that we are indeedmeasuring the concept we set out to do and not something else ?
Researchers have attempted to assess validity in different ways, including asking questions such as "Isthere consensus among my colleagues that my attitude scale measures what it is supposed to measure?"and "Does my measure correlate with others' measures of the `same' concept?" and "Does the behaviorexpected from my measure predict the actual observed behavior?" Researchers expect the answers toprovide some evidence of a measure's validity.
ReliabilityThe reliability of a measure indicates the extent to which it is without bias (error free) and hence ensuresconsistent measurement across time and across the various items in the instrument. In other words, thereliability of a measure is an indication of the stability and consistency with which the instrumentmeasures the concept and helps to assess the `goodness" of measure.
SensitivityThe sensitivity of a scale is an important measurement concept, particularly when changes in attitudes orother hypothetical constructs are under investigation. Sensitivity refers to an instrument's ability toaccurately measure variability in stimuli or responses. A dichotomous response category, such as"agree or disagree," does not allow the recording of subtle attitude changes. A more sensitive measure,with numerous items on the scale, may be needed. For example adding "strongly agree," "mildlyagree," "neither agree nor disagree," "mildly disagree," and "strongly disagree" as categories increases ascale's sensitivity.The sensitivity of a scale based on a single question or single item can also be increased by addingadditional questions or items. In other words, because index measures allow for greater range ofpossible scores, they are more sensitive than single item
1:-validity
Validity is the ability of an instrument (for example measuring an attitude) to measure what it issupposed to measure. That is, when we ask a set of questions (i.e. develop a measuring instrument) withthe hope that we are tapping the concept, how can we be reasonably certain that we are indeedmeasuring the concept we set out to do and not something else ?
Researchers have attempted to assess validity in different ways, including asking questions such as "Isthere consensus among my colleagues that my attitude scale measures what it is supposed to measure?"and "Does my measure correlate with others' measures of the `same' concept?" and "Does the behaviorexpected from my measure predict the actual observed behavior?" Researchers expect the answers toprovide some evidence of a measure's validity.
ReliabilityThe reliability of a measure indicates the extent to which it is without bias (error free) and hence ensuresconsistent measurement across time and across the various items in the instrument. In other words, thereliability of a measure is an indication of the stability and consistency with which the instrumentmeasures the concept and helps to assess the `goodness" of measure.
SensitivityThe sensitivity of a scale is an important measurement concept, particularly when changes in attitudes orother hypothetical constructs are under investigation. Sensitivity refers to an instrument's ability toaccurately measure variability in stimuli or responses. A dichotomous response category, such as"agree or disagree," does not allow the recording of subtle attitude changes. A more sensitive measure,with numerous items on the scale, may be needed. For example adding "strongly agree," "mildlyagree," "neither agree nor disagree," "mildly disagree," and "strongly disagree" as categories increases ascale's sensitivity.The sensitivity of a scale based on a single question or single item can also be increased by addingadditional questions or items. In other words, because index measures allow for greater range ofpossible scores, they are more sensitive than single item
Similar questions
Math,
8 months ago
English,
8 months ago
Social Sciences,
8 months ago
Science,
1 year ago
Science,
1 year ago