Explain four features of federal form of government
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Federal Government' is a set ofgovernment in which powers are distributed between a central authority and various constitutional units. Thekey features of a federal governmentare as follows: ... (iii) Independent Judiciary: Independent judiciary is theessence of federal government.
Federal Government' is a set ofgovernment in which powers are distributed between a central authority and various constitutional units. Thekey features of a federal governmentare as follows: ... (iii) Independent Judiciary: Independent judiciary is theessence of federal government.
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Features of the federal government are
a) In a federal state, there are two sets of governments, one is called federal or central government, the other is provincial or Unit governments. The union of these two sets of governments makes what is called federation. Each government is independent of the other in its own jurisdiction. The central and unit governments are constitutionally equal in status and position: non-superior to other.
b) In a federation governmental powers are essentially distributed by the constitution between the Central government on the one hand and the unit government on the other. The details of division vary in different federations. But the principle followed in the division is that all matters which are primarily of common interest and require uniformity of regulation throughout the country such as foreign affairs, defence, currency and coinage are placed under the central government, and the rest is left to the Unit governments.
c) The federal system essentially implies the supremacy of the constitution. A federal state derives its existence from the constitution; powers of both central and unit governments are delegated by the constitution. Every power whether of central or Unit governments is subordinate to and controlled by, the constitution. For instance, in the united states, neither the president nor the Congress nor the governor of New York or its legislature can legally exercise a single power which is inconsistent with the articles of the constitution. Every legislature existing under a federal constitution is merely a subordinate law-making body, whose laws are valid while within the authority conferred on it by the constitution, invalid if they go beyond the limits of such authority.
d) To maintain in practice the supremacy of the constitution every federal state must have a supreme court. It interprets the constitution, decides disputes between centre and province or provinces, or between different organs of government. It puts them in check, keeps them within their constitutional limits.
e) The federal constitution being a complicated contract and the supreme law of the land is essentially a written and rigid one.
f)In a federal state, there exists some sort of double citizenship and allegiance. This means that a citizen has to show allegiance both to the provincial and federal governments,
g)The central legislature under federal system is generally found bicameral on the age-old ground that the lower house enshrines the national idea and represents the nation as a whole and the upper house is enshrining federal idea and to represent the units as such.
a) In a federal state, there are two sets of governments, one is called federal or central government, the other is provincial or Unit governments. The union of these two sets of governments makes what is called federation. Each government is independent of the other in its own jurisdiction. The central and unit governments are constitutionally equal in status and position: non-superior to other.
b) In a federation governmental powers are essentially distributed by the constitution between the Central government on the one hand and the unit government on the other. The details of division vary in different federations. But the principle followed in the division is that all matters which are primarily of common interest and require uniformity of regulation throughout the country such as foreign affairs, defence, currency and coinage are placed under the central government, and the rest is left to the Unit governments.
c) The federal system essentially implies the supremacy of the constitution. A federal state derives its existence from the constitution; powers of both central and unit governments are delegated by the constitution. Every power whether of central or Unit governments is subordinate to and controlled by, the constitution. For instance, in the united states, neither the president nor the Congress nor the governor of New York or its legislature can legally exercise a single power which is inconsistent with the articles of the constitution. Every legislature existing under a federal constitution is merely a subordinate law-making body, whose laws are valid while within the authority conferred on it by the constitution, invalid if they go beyond the limits of such authority.
d) To maintain in practice the supremacy of the constitution every federal state must have a supreme court. It interprets the constitution, decides disputes between centre and province or provinces, or between different organs of government. It puts them in check, keeps them within their constitutional limits.
e) The federal constitution being a complicated contract and the supreme law of the land is essentially a written and rigid one.
f)In a federal state, there exists some sort of double citizenship and allegiance. This means that a citizen has to show allegiance both to the provincial and federal governments,
g)The central legislature under federal system is generally found bicameral on the age-old ground that the lower house enshrines the national idea and represents the nation as a whole and the upper house is enshrining federal idea and to represent the units as such.
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