Question

explain geometrical isomerism and the cause of that?

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Answer 1

ANSWER⤵️

${\pink {\mathtt{GEOMETRICAL \: ISOMERISM}}}$

the geometrical isomerism is shown by alkenes.

the compounds which are the same structural formula but differ in the special arrangement of atoms or groups of atoms about the double bond are called geometrical isomers and the phenomenon is known as geometrical isomerism.

the geometrical isomerism is exhibited by certain members of the alkene family.

${\purple{\mathtt{CAUSE \: \: OF \: \: GEOMETRICAL \: \: ISOMERISM}}}$

we know that the double bond consists of a alpha bond and a π bond. due to the presence of π bond, the groups are atoms attached to each sp^2 - hybridised c atom cannot rotate about it. they can do so only by breaking the π electron cloud and require energy of the order of 284 kJ.

Therefore, the rotation about the double bond is restricted or hindered. because of the hindered rotation the molecules of the type C2A2B2 exhibits two space isomers which are also called geometrical isomers.

$\star \green{HOPE \: \: IT \: \: HELPS}\star$