Question

Explain Haber process.

Answer 1

An industrial process producing ammoniafrom Nitrogen and hydrogen using an iron catalyist at high temprechre and pressure


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Answer 2

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Haber's process :

In this process nitrogen and hydrogen combines together to form ammonia

ex: N2(g)+3H2(g)«- - - -» 2NH3 Δ=92.1

Effect of concentration :

if the concentration of N2 ,H2 or both increases or the conc of NH3 decreases, then forward reaction takes place more favourably and yields higher amount of ammonia

Effect of temperature :

The formation of ammonia is exothermic reaction. Low temperature favours the forward reaction.But at low temperature the reaction is too slow. Therefore an optimum temperature is chosen in Haber's process

Effect of pressure :

In the forward reaction 1 volume of N2 combines with 3 volumes of H2 to form 2 volumes of NH3 . There is decrease in volume in the forward reaction. According to the Le -Chateliers principle increase of pressure favours the reaction where there is a decrease in volume. So higher the pressure (200 atm) are used in the manufacture of ammonia by Haber's process

Optimum conditions :

Pressure :200atm

temperature :725-775k

catalyst :Fe(powered)

promoter :Mo or (K2O+Al2O3)