Explain homeostasis in the human body to students
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As in other mammals,
thermoregulation in humans is an important aspect of homeostasis. In
thermoregulation , body heat is generated mostly in the deep organs, especially the liver, brain, and heart, and in contraction of skeletal muscles. [1] Humans have been able to adapt to a great diversity of climates, including hot humid and hot arid. High temperatures pose serious stress for the human body, placing it in great danger of injury or even death. For humans, adaptation to varying climatic conditions includes both physiological mechanisms resulting from evolution and behavioural mechanisms resulting from conscious cultural adaptations. [2]
[3]
There are four avenues of heat loss: convection, conduction, radiation, and evaporation. If skin temperature is greater than that of the surroundings, the body can lose heat by radiation and conduction. But, if the temperature of the surroundings is greater than that of the skin, the body actually gains heat by radiation and conduction. In such conditions, the only means by which the body can rid itself of heat is by evaporation. So, when the surrounding temperature is higher than the skin temperature, anything that prevents adequate evaporation will cause the internal body temperature to rise. [4] During sports activities, evaporation becomes the main avenue of heat loss. [5] Humidity affects thermoregulation by limiting sweat evaporation and thus heat loss. [6]
Control system
Simplified control circuit of human thermoregulation. [7]
The core temperature of a human is regulated and stabilized primarily by the hypothalamus, a region of the brain linking the endocrine system to the nervous system, [8] and more specifically by the anterior hypothalamic nucleus and the adjacent
preoptic area regions of the hypothalamus
thermoregulation in humans is an important aspect of homeostasis. In
thermoregulation , body heat is generated mostly in the deep organs, especially the liver, brain, and heart, and in contraction of skeletal muscles. [1] Humans have been able to adapt to a great diversity of climates, including hot humid and hot arid. High temperatures pose serious stress for the human body, placing it in great danger of injury or even death. For humans, adaptation to varying climatic conditions includes both physiological mechanisms resulting from evolution and behavioural mechanisms resulting from conscious cultural adaptations. [2]
[3]
There are four avenues of heat loss: convection, conduction, radiation, and evaporation. If skin temperature is greater than that of the surroundings, the body can lose heat by radiation and conduction. But, if the temperature of the surroundings is greater than that of the skin, the body actually gains heat by radiation and conduction. In such conditions, the only means by which the body can rid itself of heat is by evaporation. So, when the surrounding temperature is higher than the skin temperature, anything that prevents adequate evaporation will cause the internal body temperature to rise. [4] During sports activities, evaporation becomes the main avenue of heat loss. [5] Humidity affects thermoregulation by limiting sweat evaporation and thus heat loss. [6]
Control system
Simplified control circuit of human thermoregulation. [7]
The core temperature of a human is regulated and stabilized primarily by the hypothalamus, a region of the brain linking the endocrine system to the nervous system, [8] and more specifically by the anterior hypothalamic nucleus and the adjacent
preoptic area regions of the hypothalamus
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Explanation:
homeostasis refers to the ability of a body or a cell to seek and maintain a condition of equilibrium or stability within its internal enviornment when dealing with ecternal changes.
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