Explain how animals in vertebrata are classified into further subgroups.
very long answer type question
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Answer:
Vertebrates are classified further into sub-groups on the basis of simple to complex forms of structures and their functions. Examples. Pisces, amphibia, reptilia, aves and mammals.
1. Pisces: They are aquatic, cold blooded animals. Their heart has two chambers. Their body is covered by scales or plates. They lay eggs and perform respiration through gills. Their endoskeleton is made up of cartilage. e.g. Fishes.
2. Amphibians: They are cold blooded animals and live in both water and land. Respiration is through gills, lungs, skin. They have three chambered heart. e.g. Frogs.
3. Reptiles: They are cold blooded animals. They have three chambered heart and they breathe through lungs. e.g. Snakes.
4. Aves: They are warm blooded animal, oviparous vertebrates covered with feathers. They have a four chambered heart and perform respiration by lungs. e.g. Birds.
5. Mammals: They are warm blooded animal with four chambered heart. They are viviparous and possess characteristics like pinna and hair on skin and canine. e.g. Humans.
Answer:
Animals in Vertebrata are classified into five classes: ... These animals have a dual mode of life. In the larval stage, the respiratory organs are gills, but in the adult stage, respiration occurs through the lungs or skin. They lay eggs in water.
Vertebrates are further classified according to several criteria like exoskeleton, respiratory organs, method of giving birth, number of chambers in heart, mode of living etc. They are further classified into classes Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammals.
Pisces include the fishes. They are aquatic, cold-blooded animals having 2 chambers of heart. Their skin is covered with scales/plates. They lay eggs and respire through gills. They excrete urea. Endoskeleton may be bony or cartilagenous.
Amphibians on the other hand live partly in water and partly on land. Their skin is smooth without scales. Respiration is through gills, lungs, skin or buccal lining. They possess 3 chambered heart and are oviparous. They are cold-blooded.
Reptiles are the creeping vertebrates possessing dry scaly exoskeleton. They are cold-blooded, breathe through lungs and possess 3 chambered heart. They are oviparous and excrete uric acid.
Aves include the birds. They are warm-blooded, oviparous vertebrates with a covering of feathers. Their fore-limbs are modified into wings for flight. Respiration is through lungs and 4 chambered heart is present.
Mammals possess mammary glands for feeding the young. They are warm-blooded with 4 chambered heart. They are viviparous. They possess external pinna and hair on skin. Parental care is highly developed. They excrete urea.
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