Question

explain how changes in no. of chromosome contributes towards variation and evolution explain in 50-70 words
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Answer 1

Answer:

Chromosome number, precise number of chromosomes typical for a given species. In any given asexually reproducing species, the chromosome number is always the same. In sexually reproducing organisms, the number of chromosomes in the body (somatic) cells typically is diploid (2n; a pair of each chromosome), twice the haploid (1n) number found in the sex cells, or gametes. The haploid number is produced during meiosis. In some sexually reproducing organisms, individuals may be produced from unfertilized eggs and therefore are haploid; an example is a drone (a male bee).

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Answer 2

Answer:

The structure of the chromosome can change in many ways. Chromosomes can break apart, and they can fuse together. A part of a chromosome can flip around or a part can move to an entirely different chromosome. Changes in chromosome structure can be caused by mistakes made during cell division. To make eggs and sperm, cells go through a special process called meiosis. One important part of sexual reproduction is having an even number of chromosomes. Whether each chromosome has a partner chromosome is crucial.

 

Whenever there are odd numbers of chromosomes or mismatched pieces, there will likely be mistakes during cell division. At the last step of meiosis, one chromosome from each pair moves into the new cells. An odd number of chromosomes means that one chromosome is left unpaired. It can go to either cell.

The end result is that cells end up with the wrong number of chromosomes. And this leads to sterility or birth defects or variations.