Question

Explain how human ear works with a digram?

Answer 1

Answer. The pinna collects the sound waves from the surroundings and sends it to ear canal. The ear canal sends the sound waves to the ear drum and send it to middle ear. The hammer, anvil and stirrup amplify the sound waves and send it to cochlea. The cochlea receives the vibrations and convert it into electric impulse and send it to auditory nerve. The auditory nerve sends these waves to the brain.

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Answer 2

The ear is the organ of hearing and balance. One of the very advanced sensitive organs of the human body, the ear detects, transmits, and transduces sound to the brain and maintains a sense of balance. Just as ripples are spread out in circles from the point where a stone is dropped in water, the sound source creates pressure variations in the air, which are perceived by the ear as sound.

Anatomy of the ear

The parts of the ear include the outer ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear.

The outer ear consists of the pinna or auricle, the part that we see on the side of the head, and the tube or external auditory canal that connects the outer ear to the middle ear through which sound travels.

The tympanic membrane or the eardrum lies between the outer and middle ear.

The middle ear is composed of ossicles and the eustachian tube. Ossicles consist of three small bones–malleus, incus, and stapes—that are coupled to transmit sound waves to the inner ear. The eustachian tube, lined with mucous, is a canal that helps to equalize pressure in the middle ear so that the sound waves are transferred properly. Sound enters the outer ear and makes the eardrums vibrate, and the vibrations are passed along the ossicles.

The inner ear consists of the cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals. The cochlea is the hearing part, comprising a coiled spiral tube containing nerves for hearing. The cochlea, a snail-shaped and fluid-filled structure, is in the inner ear. An elastic partition, which is the basilar membrane (serves as a base on which the important hearing structures resides), runs from the start to the end of the cochlea and splits it into an upper and a lower part.

Vestibule and semicircular canals are part of the balance system. The semicircular canals provide information to the brain about the direction of the head movement.

The process of hearing

Many stages are involved in the process of transduction i.e. the complex process by which sound waves are transformed into electrical signals, which are then conveyed by the auditory nerve to the brain.